If I had an option of creating my own village, I would be happy to have all the University graduates without jobs as members of the village.
Our chief would be someone with a degree in psychology from UPNG. Our church treasurer would be an accountant graduate from Unitech. Our marriage counsellor from the church would be a law graduate from UPNG who understands international conventions on human rights and the constitutional limitations on the application of custom. An anthropology graduate would be our land mediator.
Our village committees would be headed by degree holders. An environmental graduate would lead the village’s efforts to build resilience against climate change. We would have a wide array of educated individuals who would fight against government sponsored land grabbing and loggers.
Guys from University of National Resources & Environment would lead the inland fisheries farming, and adoption of climate resilient crops.
This village would be more educated than my current village back home. My folks home don’t have a formal job. But they also have very limited understanding of the issues listed above. A village settled by job-less University graduates is better than one that doesn’t.
Our village meetings would give equal opportunities for men and women to speak. The quality of the discussions would be far superior.
My point is this, getting a formal job should not be the main reason for getting an education. And The National Newspaper’s front page story that paints that it’s all gloom and doom is because there are no jobs is just wrong.
PNG’s literacy rate is the lowest in the region, and we need everyone educated. Not necessarily so they can get a formal employment, but because an educated population is critical of their government, make educated decisions, health conscious, and can fight for their rights more effectively, among many other things.
I graduated with Bachelor of Arts on 26 April 2022 from the University of Papua New Guinea. But before that, I had interesting careers as subsistence farmer, boiler at a mine, security guard, cleaner, secondary school teacher, and then as a student at UPNG worked as cleaner at night. It’s been a long journey. This is my story.
I did my grade seven at Aitape High School in 1993 after completing Grade 6 at the Divanapmin Primary School. After suffering from malaria attack I transferred to Telefomin High School and continued Grades 7 – 8. I then attended Grades 9 and 10 at Tabubil High School.
I failed the Grade 10 examination.
My brother Joe Finn Ruhup Snr told me to go home and plant taro and kaukau. I followed his advise.
After some time, I went back to Tabubil and enrolled for the flexible learning or distant education (CODE/FODE) at the OK Tedi Mining Limited (OTML) Training Center.While upgrading my marks I was given a job at the OTML and I learnt at the job as I went along. I worked at the Mill Chemistry Laboratory.
I often used to take my CODE assignments to the work place(OTML Chem Lab) and worked on them during tea breaks and lunch hours. It was hard.
In 2005 I resigned from Ok Tedi Mining Limited (OTML). I need to tell the story of why I resigned.
One fortnight Friday afternoon, I was crushing some Geology Blast Hole Samples and I felt that somebody was staring at me. At the back door I saw a white man starring at me above his lenses.
I was so scared. He told me to stop and sit down. He was the Managing Director of Ok Tedi Mining Limited, Keith Faukner.
He told me: “Son you know what? I am an underground Mining Engineer [and my advise to you is this – move on].”
He then just walked off without an explanation. Taken back by these words I resigned immediately.
After that I tried many institutions hoping to get a qualification that would get me a good job. I attended several institutions like Pom Tech ( now Pom Poly Tech), Lae Tech( now Lae Poly Tech, and other private institutions like Commercial Training College, Mae Professional Institute, International Training Institute, and Mapex Training Institute.
To support my studies during this period I worked as a Security Guard with Tawap Kaman Security Services (at Tabubil) and Cleaner at the Tabubil Super Market.
I then applied to the University of Goroka to study Diploma in Melanesian Studies, and once I completed it, I pursued a Bachelor of Education. I graduated and taught for six years in various secondary schools before applying to UPNG.
While studying at UPNG, for two years (2018 and 2019) I was a cleaner in the night at 9 Mile, Makana Morobe Block, and during the day I was a student.
In 2020 Christmas I worked with Pacific Cooperate Security as a Security Guard and in 2021 I was engaged to mark Grade 11 distance mode geography assessments for PC Central at Waigani. Thats how I survived at UPNG.
Today (26 April 2022) I graduated with Bachelor of Arts. I now have a BA in Education from Goroka University, and Bachelor of Arts from University of Papua New Guinea. I could have settled as subsistence farmer after grade 10, or stopped studying once I got the job as a secondary school teacher. But I refused. Even if that meant working as a cleaner and security guard to complete a BA from UPNG.
Note from Michael Kabuni: I taught Betani for one of the political science subjects. He was well mannered gentleman. All the best Betani. You are an inspiration to many.
Among the thousands who graduated from the University of Papua New Guinea from 25 – 27 April 2022, a small number, about 40, were from the UPNG Political Science Department.
A graduate of Political Science received the Dean’s Award for attaining the highest GPA. Due to limited quota, politics department only selects students with GPA of 4.0 – there are only 30 spaces. So the department has some of the brightest who come through from the secondary schools.
At the graduation, the politics department was also the only department within the School of Humanities and Social Sciences to graduate honors students – three of them. Honors is a one year graduate program offered across UPNG faculties where students who have BA or qualified to graduate with a BA from the preceding year produce a thesis on a specific topic. These three wrote about cases of intimate partner violence in NCD, tax evasion in the forestry sector, and the public private partnership in health assistance to Kwikila Health Centre.
Two of the honors students graduated with first class honors – both were female students. The third student graduated with second class honors. Two of the graduates are junior tutors with the politics department.
It was a good year for us. But about a decade ago, it wasn’t so great.
The department has gone through a lot of difficulties. When I came through as a student, at one point we had only two lecturers – Mr Mattew Bige and Mr Dixon Susub – teaching the whole political science students at the University of Papua New Guinea, from first to final year.
Dixon Susub had a graduate certificate in diplomacy at an institute in Paris. Mattew Bige had a MA from UPNG. We didn’t have a professor or a PhD academic at the department. The likes of Dr Ray Anere (late), Dr Henry Okole (late), Dr Alphonse Gelu had all left for the National Research Institute. Dr Orove Sepoe decided not to renew her contract. These academics were accomplished researchers and respected political commentators in PNG and the region.
The department went from being one of the best to one surviving on life-support.
As I completed my final year, a Dutch man, Professor Jan Kees van Donge whose wife was a medical doctor arrived. She had some voluntary job at the Port Moresby General Hospital, so he decided to teach at Politics Department whilst they were in PNG.
Professor Jan Kees Van Donge spent time teaching in universities in Africa, and had won several awards for his publications, had led large scale researches and had a long list of publications. He was later joined by Alan Robson, who was employed by Australian National University and sent to PNG as a representative of the now defunct Group of Eight Australian Universities (G8). The G8 comprised of the top 8 Australian universities, funded by the then AusAID program, and he was there to help PNG universities as part of the G8 initiatives.
Both Alan and Jan Kees had brief teaching stints at UPNG before that, so they very familiar with the culture, and the students.
From the outset they realised that if nothing was done, the Politics Department would collapse after they left. They decided to revive the Politics Honors Program, with the hope of raising a new generation of UPNG Political Science academics.
Seven of us enrolled in 2013. Six male and one female, who dropped out mid-year. By 2014, all six of us graduated. Three of us left for Masters overseas. The honors program continued.
Geejay Milli and Teddy Winn, former graduates of Politics returned to the strand after completing Masters overseas. The rebuilding was underway.
I completed Masters and joined the department in 2016. Russel Yangin, who was from my honors cohort also completed MA and joined us in 2018. Dr Francis Wagarai, from our honors cohort, who continued on to PhD whilst we returned after completing MA, recently joined the department.
Jan Kees retired in 2015 and returned to the Netherlands, and Dixion left in 2016. Mattew is still with the department.
Teddy is completing PhD at James Cook and returning. Geejay and I started PhD at ANU. It’s not looking that bad anymore. Two more years and we’ll have a complete team.
We still struggle with high number of students. For the last five years I taught 500 students on average every year. Most of these students come to take politics courses from other disciplines.
This year we applied for and secured two grants from international agencies for research. Our honors program is evolving well. This year we have seven students. The UPNG Political Students Association was very active last year, and continue to host forums and discussions with politicians and researchers.
There’s always the question about what job prospects are out there for political science graduates. I don’t have an answer to that. But I do know of political science graduates who are now departmental heads, working in NGOs, consultants, administrators and many running their own businesses, and of course some have become politicians. You just have to start somewhere.
The study of politics remains important. As the Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson argue in their best seller book “Why Nations Fail”, the relative success of nations is due not to geography, culture, or ignorance, but rather is due to how inclusive their political institutions are.
The more inclusive their political institutions, the more inclusive their economic institutions will be. And that is why the study of politics remains important for PNG.
I am only writing this because it may help someone, and also because I’ve spent some time studying the subject.
First, the role of MPs since 1995 (reform) is to make laws/policies, as well as deliver services. So to measure the performance of current MPs, ask the following questions:
Did the MP debate on critical issues in parliament, and how did he vote on important national issues? (Look at vote of no confidence, including those who supported unconstitutional votes Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional). You have to take this into account because the first role of MPs are to make laws.
Did the MP deliver services? For this question, ask what services were provided, were the services equally distributed, and were they directed at critical sectors. Buying iron sheets for urban dwellers and surrounding areas is not provision of critical services. Look at health, education, roads, creation of economic opportunities, etc
For those non-MP candidates, ask yourself if they have the capability to meet the two points above.
Second, corruption eats up about K3 billion of PNG’s budget. It is very important that you seriously think about this issue. Don’t vote anyone who has a record of corruption. Even if corruption cannot be directly attributed to him/her, but if it’s perpetuated by those surrounding him, don’t vote him/her. He/she recruited the corrupt officials.
If you have to decide between the integrity of the candidate and his ability to debate or deliver services, go for integrity.
Third, all the people want is creation of opportunities so they can make their own living. Go for candidates who will create opportunities. Has the MP created opportunities for you to make your own living? Market access, SME credit schemes, agricultural extension programs, quality control etc.
Finally, don’t be tribal and don’t confine your choices to gender. If you don’t see any good qualities from your clansmen contesting for the seat, don’t vote him. We are searching for leadership, and there may be good candidates from other areas. Also, look beyond gender. Don’t vote a female candidate because she’s female. But also don’t restrain from voting a female candidate who has great qualities because she’s a female. Vote good leaders. Male or female.
Look at individuals who will empower you. Not make you reliant on them.
So this is the summary:
Vote someone who balances national priorities with service delivery. On service deliver, ask if it’s empowering people to be independent. Look beyond gender.
Don’t fall for MP or candidate with the loudest shouts (Thunder without rain), but also don’t settle for those who promise iron roofs without creating opportunities for you to work your land and buy your own roofs. If his household is in a mess, don’t vote him. Keep it simple.
Despite visits from Australian ministers and planned US officials visit to the Solomon Islands, Solomon Islands went ahead to sign the security deal with China. Details are still sketchy, but a leaked draft says it will allow Chinese security to assist Solomon Islands security forces when needed, as well as protect Chinese businesses and interests.
Australia had sought PNG and Fiji government’s assistance to prevent the Solomon Islands-China deal, but it appears both Pacific Island countries didn’t offer much help.
To understand the Australian failure to persuade Solomon Island to abandon there deal with China, one must take a broader view of Australia’s engagement in the Pacific, but especially the Melanesian region, because this is a culmination of Australia’s policy failures in the region in general. It’s not an isolated incident, and unless Australian changes it’s approach in the Pacific, it is bound to face similar challenges in the future.
First, no Pacific Island country will condemn another for a deal with China. Because most, if not all Pacific Island countries have some form of a deal with China. China has been offering loans to the Pacific Island countries for years now, and in the Solomon Island’s case, a direct funding to the Constituency Funds.
Australian didn’t get much response from PNG because PNG has China funded projects going on. Fiji knows very much how Australia can attempt to use the PICs against another PIC country, after having itself kicked out of the Pacific Islands Forum following the last coup.
Second, there is not much people to people connected between Australian and the Melanesian Island countries. Compared to Polynesian Islanders, the Melanesians community in Australia is very small. It is very difficult for Melanesians to get a visa to travel to Australia, and it is near impossible for them to get citizenship.
The last real connection Australia had with Melanesian countries was the fuzzy wuzzy angels who assisted Australia’s war against the Japanese, and those natives who fought against the Japanese alongside Australia. I had grandfathers who would speak highly of Australian soldiers. I don’t hear any from their grandchildren these days. Almost all fuzzy wuzzy angels have passed on. Melanesian island countries have the largest populations, land mass, and economies in the Pacific, but the most excluded in Australia.
Australian is asking for help from countries that have no sympathy for Australia. It won’t happen.
Third, the irony is not lost in the Pacific on Australia’s decision to go for nuclear powered submarine last year. If that decision by Australia can be defended as a sovereign country conducting its foreign affairs, why cannot Solomon Islands defend its decision for a security deal with China as a sovereign country engaging in a deal with another country?
This is another reason why neither PNG nor Fiji would support Australia. If PNG and Fiji help stop Solomon Islands the deal, what happens in the future when both countries engage in a deal that Australia does not approve? Australia will seek other PICs against them.
The Australian submarine deal was important for the Pacific because the region has maintained a non-nuclear policy since the Cold War days. Australia is pursuing a nuclear powered submarine, not a nuclear armed submarine. But, it comes with risks nonetheless. One that Greens leader Adam Bandt referred to as “floating Chernobyls.”
Finally, when was the last time Australia sought the Pacific about its deals. The AUKUS, or the QUAD, surrounds the Pacific but the Pacific is not part of the deals, neither were they consulted. Again, one can argue that AUKUS and AUADs are deals Australia entered into as a sovereign country and needed no consultation with the Pacific. Ta-daaaa. Why can Solomon Islands do the same?
Australia’s assumption that the Pacific is its “backwater” is a very patronising view. It’s unsustainable, and needs a change.
Academia Nomad 